Der immunhistochemisch angefärbte Schnitt zeigt B-Lymphozyten von Sekundärfollikeln im Rindenbereich eines Lymphknotens. Durch Verwendung eines Antikörpers gegen B-Lymphozyten fallen diese durch ihre bräunliche Farbe auf. Weitere B-Lymphozyten, die im Keimzentrum des Sekundärfollikels liegen, wurden hier färberisch nicht erfaßt.

Legende:

	Secondary follicle
	Immunohistochemical stained B-lymphocytes of a secondary follicle
	Germinal centre of a secondary lymphoid follicle

Immunohistochemestry

Immunohistochemistry is used to confirm the presence of or to identify certain structures or substances in tissue sections which cannot be identified with conventional staining methods. Such structures include: cells, enzymes, hormones, macromolecules like nucleic acids and polysaccharides. The basis of immunohistochemical staining techniques is the antigen-antibody reaction. This method makes it possible to differentiate, for example, various cells in a tissue section according to their different metabolic products or surfaces. Either the metabolic product or a certain surface component serves as the antigen. In the first step, the antigen reacts with a specific antibody. The resulting antigen-antibody complex is invisible. Therefore, in a further step a second antibody bound to an adjuvant is added and binds to the initial antibody (so-called sandwich procedure). The bound adjuvant makes the antigen-antibody complex visible under the microscope and identifies the sought structure. Adjuvants are:

fluorescent dyes:
fluoresce by stimulation under UV light
enzymes:
catalyze a definite dye reaction
particular markers:
The immune complexes can be made visible with, e.g. bound gold particles, both in direct light and under the electron microscope.
radionuclids:
The substance sought is identified by blackening a photographic plate or an applied photo film.

Combination with further dyes or staining techniques:

hemalaun
dye for staining cell nuclei
result: Cell nuclei turn an intense blue.

Beim Lymphknoten unterscheidet man Cortex, Paracortex und Mark. Im Cortex sind Sekundärfollikel anzutreffen, die sich nach Antigen-Kontakt aus dem Primärfollikel gebildet haben. Die Sekundärfollikel zeigen bei der H.E. Färbung eine zentrale Aufhellung, das Keimzentrum und eine dunklere lymphozytendichte Randzone. Primär- und Sekundärfollikel der Lymphknotenrinde sind charakteristische Areale für B-Zellen, während im Paracortex vor allem T-Lymphozyten anzutreffen sind. Das Mark enthält Plasmazellen und Makrophagen.

HistoNet2000 - Help

1. Organization of the screen surface

Right side: histologic specimen
Left side: information about the specimen (above) and general program functions (below)

2.Histologic specimen

Pull the mouse across the histologic specimen for training purposes. A small square with exclamation marks (dynamic labels) will appear where there is an important structure. You should then decide what structure this could be. To check your result, simply click the appropriate square, and the correct label will appear. The option “marked” allows you to see all labels for all structures simultaneously. These can be removed by clicking “unmarked”. This reactivates the dynamic labels.

3. Complementary information

Info: general information about the specimen, as well as a list of the dynamic labels
Drawing: schematic drawing of the specimen
Staining: information about the staining method for this specimen
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Specimen Nr. 15A

Specimen:

Staining:

Magnification:

Important structures :

Legende:

Immunohistochemestry

Combination with further dyes or staining techniques:

HistoNet2000 - Help