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Specimen Nr. 01A

Specimen:

Thymus (Human fetus)

Staining:

H&E

Magnification:

8x

Important structures :

1.Capsule
2.Lobe
3.Lobule
4.Cortex
5.Medulla
6.Artery
Die Übersichtsvergrößerung eines fetalen Thymus zeigt die beiden Lappen (Lobi) des Thymus, die von einer dünnen Kapsel aus kollagenem Bindegewebe umgeben sind. Durch bindegewebige Septen sind die Lappen in Läppchen (Lobuli) untergliedert, die jeweils aus Rinde (Cortex) und Mark (Medulla) bestehen.

Legende:

Capsule
Lobe
Lobule
Cortex
Medulla
Artery

Localisation of organs of immune-lymphatic system[we]

1. Pharyngeal tonsil
2. Palatine tonsil
3. Lymph node
4. Lymphatic vessels
5. Spleen
6. Peyer's patches
7. Thymus

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)

H&E is the most common survey stain, which shows cell nuclei and cytoplasmatic components.

Structures Colour
Nuclei blue
Cytoplasm pale red
Connective-tissue fibres
- Collagen
- Reticular
- Elastic
red
-
pale rose to red
Muscle tissue red
Erythrocytes red-orange

Dyes:

Hematoxylin (e.g. hemalaun, Weigerts or Heidenhains iron-hematoxylin)
Hematoxylin is a positively charged dye (at low pH values). It therefore colors negatively charged (basophilic) structures blue, like the DNA of nuclear chromatin, the RNA of rough endoplasmatic reticulum, and the acidic glycosaminoglycans of hyaline cartilage.
Hematoxylin used in the preparation of iron varnish is Weigerts or Heidenhains iron-hematoxylin and in the preparation of aluminum varnish is hemalaun.
Eosin Eosin is a negatively charged dye used for counterstaining. It stains all remaining structures different shades of red (acidophilic).

Thiazinrot
Thiazinrot behaves similar as eosin.
Der Thymus besteht aus zwei Lappen (Lobi), die hinter dem Brustbein im oberen Mediastinum liegen. Die Lappen sind weiter in Läppchen (Lobuli) untergliedert, die aus Rinde (Cortex) und Mark (Medulla) bestehen. Wegen seines Aufbaus aus Lymphozyten und epithelialen Retikulumzellen wird der Thymus als lymphoepitheliales Organ bezeichnet. Er wird vorwiegend von Ästen der A. thoracica interna mit Blut versorgt. Den Thymus erreichen keine afferenten Lymphgefäße. Die zentrale Aufgabe des Thymus ist die "Erziehung" der T-Lymphozyten: Sie müssen lernen zwischen "selbst" und "fremd" zu unterscheiden. Prä-T-Lymphozyten wandern aus dem Knochenmark in geringer Zahl in den Thymus ein und vermehren sich dort durch intensive Zellteilung.
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Magnification:

8x

Magnification:

50x

Magnification:

200x

Magnification:

200x

Magnification:

400x

Magnifications
Capsule
Lobe
Lobule
Lobule
Cortex
Cortex
Cortex
Cortex
Medulla
Medulla
Artery

HistoNet2000 - Help

1. Organization of the screen surface

Right side: histologic specimen
Left side: information about the specimen (above) and general program functions (below)

2.Histologic specimen

Pull the mouse across the histologic specimen for training purposes. A small square with exclamation marks (dynamic labels) will appear where there is an important structure. You should then decide what structure this could be. To check your result, simply click the appropriate square, and the correct label will appear. The option “marked” allows you to see all labels for all structures simultaneously. These can be removed by clicking “unmarked”. This reactivates the dynamic labels.

3. Complementary information

Info: general information about the specimen, as well as a list of the dynamic labels
Drawing: schematic drawing of the specimen
Staining: information about the staining method for this specimen
Knowledge: short texts with basic histologic information, presently deactivated

4. General Program Functions

Home: returns you to the “start” page
Tutor: how to contact the HistoNet Team
Help: Instructions for Use appear
Exit: closes down the HistoNet program
Boxes: goes back to the other specimen of a topic
VM: provides virtual microscopy

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