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Specimen Nr. 06

Specimen:

Blood smear (Human being)

Staining:

Pappenheim

Magnification:

1200x

Important structures :

1.Natural killer cell
2.Erythrocytes
Natürliche Killerzellen (NK-Zellen) sind etwas größer als B- und T-Lymphozyten und haben einen Durchmesser von etwa 10 µm. Das Zytoplasma enthält Granula, in denen Substanzen vorkommen, die andere Zellen lysieren können (z.B. Perforin). Nur ein Teil der Natürlichen Killerzellen kann im konventionellen Blutausstrich identifiziert werden, der andere Teil wird mit immunologischen Färbemethoden charakterisiert.

Legende:

Natural killer cell
Erythrocytes

Pappenheim stain

Pappenheim stain is a combination of May-Grünwald and Giemsa stains. They are the stains generally used for blood smears.

Structures Colour
Nuclei reddish-violet
Neutrophilic granules bluish-pink to brownish
Eosinophilic granules brick-red to brown-orange
Basophilic granules dark blue-violet
Lymphocytic cytoplasm light blue
Monocytic cytoplasm light blue
Erythrocytes pink
Thrombocytes blue with red-violet internal bodies

Dyes:

The May-Grünwald stain contains the dyes eosin and methylene blue.
The Giemsa stain contains the dyes eosin, methylene blue, methylene azure and methylene violet.

Natürliche Killerzellen machen weniger als 5% der Leukozyten aus, und ihre Zahl im Blut beträgt etwa 500 pro µl. Sie werden im Knochenmark, in lymphatischen und nicht-lymphatischen Organen gebildet. Von dort gelangen sie ins Blut und wandern in die verschiedenen Gewebe ein. Natürliche Killerzellen sind in der Lage sehr schnell Körperzellen zu zerstören, die infiziert oder tumorös entartet sind.
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Natural killer cell
Erythrocytes

HistoNet2000 - Help

1. Organization of the screen surface

Right side: histologic specimen
Left side: information about the specimen (above) and general program functions (below)

2.Histologic specimen

Pull the mouse across the histologic specimen for training purposes. A small square with exclamation marks (dynamic labels) will appear where there is an important structure. You should then decide what structure this could be. To check your result, simply click the appropriate square, and the correct label will appear. The option “marked” allows you to see all labels for all structures simultaneously. These can be removed by clicking “unmarked”. This reactivates the dynamic labels.

3. Complementary information

Info: general information about the specimen, as well as a list of the dynamic labels
Drawing: schematic drawing of the specimen
Staining: information about the staining method for this specimen
Knowledge: short texts with basic histologic information, presently deactivated

4. General Program Functions

Home: returns you to the “start” page
Tutor: how to contact the HistoNet Team
Help: Instructions for Use appear
Exit: closes down the HistoNet program
Boxes: goes back to the other specimen of a topic
VM: provides virtual microscopy

We hope you will enjoy working with HistoNet2000 and learn a lot from it!

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